The elections for the European
Parliament are over.
Dit keer mijn leken overpeinzingen in de Engelse taal.
Tenslotte ondanks een vrijwel zeker komend vertrek van het Verenigd
Koninkrijk uit de Europese Unie en Ierland in de toekomst als enige lidstaat
met de Engelse taal als voertaal, is het Engels misschien daardoor des te meer de
enige taal die in alle EU landen aanvaardbaar is als lingua franca.
En ik had het al overdacht in het Engels.
Maar volgende overpeinzingen gaan weer in het Nederlands.
The ponderings of a retired
layman.
For me perhaps the most notable
thing about the elections for the European Parliament was that the United
Kingdom that should have left the EU on 29 May was nonetheless obliged to
participate because no leave agreement has even now been reached and so its
departure from the EU is delayed indefinitely (?) until the British Parliament
votes in favour of one of the many options offered, none of which has been
considered acceptable so far.
Or if other developments change
this weird situation.
Till then they must fill their 58
seats in the EP.
A most unusual situation.
All in all I think it was not
quite justified that the EP election was so much presented as confronting pro
EU and anti EU voters, whereas, in my opinion, it should rather have been shown
as a pro federal EU and on the other hand a pro independent states EU vote;
more power centralized in Brussels or less.
The main results of the vote were
that the customary majority of the Christian and Socialist Groups working
together was broken and that in the coming five years a (steady) cooperation
between three or more groups must be formed to reach a majority and that the
sceptic EU minority has grown considerably but not enough to have real power.
The newly elected European
Parliament will first elect their new President of the EP.
But according to the Lisbon
Treaty which regulates the functioning of the EU the place occupied by the
European Parliament in the EU picking order is (un)fairly limited mainly to “yes or no”, though in
practice far more influence has been acquired.
Far more important about these elections, however, is that they lead to
a complete reshuffle of the Positions of Power in the European Union.
The European Council, the Council
of the Heads of State or Government of
the EU member states, which is the highest authority in the EU, will after proper consultation and taking
into account the election results of the EP propose a new President of the
European Commission
This requires a qualified majority (so no veto right).
The European Council will also by
qualified majority choose a new High Representative of Security and Foreign
Relations of the EU.
The members of the Commission
will be chosen on their personal merits and positive attitude towards the EU,
one national of each member state (unless the European Council decides
otherwise).
The European Parliament will then
vote to approve of the entire Commission, including the High Representative for
Security, so not vote on individual prospective commissioners.
Apart from that on 30 November
2019 the present President of the European Council, Tusk, has reached the end
of his term and a New EU President will have to be chosen by the European
Council.
Furthermore, the President of the
European Central Bank, Draghi, will end his term at the end of October this
year and a new President will have to be appointed by the European Council.
Finally there is the ongoing Council
of Ministers of the member states of varying composition in accordance with the
subject dealt with and a President in rotation among the members.
Together with the newly elected European
Parliament they approve or reject the draft bills introduced by the Commission for legislation.
The commission is the only EU
institution that is empowered to introduce proposals of legislation to the
European Parliament.
All together the EU is an
intricate and extremely bureaucratic construction of often overlapping competences,
owing to the often vague and multi explicable wording of the Lisbon Treaty.
So, right now we are at the
beginning of an extremely busy period of complicated lobbying, consultations
and possible allocation of top functions in the EU which in the end can get the
approval of the European Council (representing the member states), and in the
case of the Commission, approval by the
European Parliament.
And, In view of the fact that all
member states must feel adequately represented in the Commission and other EU
institutions a distribution of functions
must be sought which will not cause an accumulation of power for one or more
member states.
The preliminary suggestions have
already started to circulate after the meeting of the European Council yesterday.
The European Union Institutions according to the Lisbon Treaty:
– The European Parliament,
– The European Council, (heads of states + president of the
commission, EU strategy, consensus)
– The Council,(ministerial level representatives of
each state, varying composition )
– The (European) Commission (the excutive and overseeing
branch)
- The Court of Justice of the European Union,
– The European Central Bank
– The Court of Auditors.
But who are really in charge?
The European Council is in charge of the overall strategy but is
hampered by the consensus system.
One member state can veto any proposal.
The Commission, with each Commissioner having their own field of competence,
is the executive branch substantiating the European Councils strategy into
draft bills for the European Parliament.
It also oversees the correct implementation of this legislation
(regulations and directives) in the member states and has corrective powers in that
respect.
In practice there seems to be a hint of competition between the two
institutions, the main cause being the veto rights in the European Council.
The powers of the European Parliament are restricted to approving or
voting down the Commission’s proposals and (informally) influencing or inducing
proposals.
Even when Parliament has passed a bill, the council of ministers can still
withhold their consent and thus send a draft proposal back to the EP.
The EU, a complex and complicated construction designed over the years
to cover the diverging requirements of its member states aiming at developing cohesion
among them.
But all these are, of course, simply
the incomplete and very personal ruminations of a retired amateur.